Commander X16

On 10/15/2021 at 8:21 PM, Scott Robison said:

From a purely legal standpoint, in a pure FPGA solution, the ROM is what makes the X-whatever unique. It is based on intellectual property from Cloanto (the kernal, as the current successor to Commodore) and Microsoft (BASIC, though I don't know how the initial license fee Commodore paid transfers to Cloanto but it seems it does indeed transfer). As such, these are not free to copy to other platforms. So having a retro-inspired computer with legally licensed ROM that is derived from the Commodore heritage is one USP. While it would be possible to port the HDL that makes the hardware to other platforms, it would be "useless" to most people without the ROM, and that is encumbered in its current state.



Having a compact FPGA based design that is not subject to some of the downsides of software emulation is another USP. Software emulation is great, and I quite enjoy my The C64, but it isn't ideal. Especially if you think of a Raspberry Pi form factor, an FPGA solution that behaves as a real hardware solution is going to be superior to porting the emulator to an existing SBC platform.



While not directly related to the FPGA nature of the original question, a PETSCII inspired keyboard with symbols printed on the keys is a third USP for the project as we understand it at this time.



Given some time and less of a time crunch (I have to get ready to go teach some middle schoolers how to write Python) I may be able to come up with more, but I think those three are significant. Whether they are enough to entice people to buy into the platform is another question.

On 10/15/2021 at 11:35 AM, Janne Sirén said:

Sure, I get that if you can build an ecosystem around the X16 core, that can be something lead to something unique on the "soft" front so to speak. The keyboard is a nice bonus as well. I already have the premium one at home. Maybe David's YouTube following will help make all that happen and then the generic nature of the hardware might not even matter. Perhaps that will be the way it goes.



I guess my point is, there is already a plethora of cheap, powerful FPGA retro boards available in reasonable volumes on one hand, as well as unique cased retro platforms like the ZX Spectrum Next, MEGA65 (licensed too both) and perhaps Foenix to a degree, it will be important for the X16 to finds its niche. The previous plan with a desktop case, discrete chips etc. certainly was one way. If that were not to be, IMO it would be useful to define some other niche that sets it apart from these, but it is unclear to me what that might be. Just my two cents.

On 10/15/2021 at 8:29 PM, Scott Robison said:

Oh, a fourth USP: Building on from the Commodore heritage. By this I mean more than just the ROM, I mean the system as a whole. 17M+ C64 computers, 1M+ VIC 20, 5M+ C128. I know there are a lot more of other computers out there at this point, but the Commodore and 6502 lineage is going to appeal to a completely different audience than the Sinclair and Z-80 lineage. That doesn't make one better and the other worse, but I think this is the first time someone has tried to put out something like this (FPGA based actual hardware vs emulation on an ARM or other alien hardware platform) at something like this price point. The fact that the Sinclair inspired models have done as well as they have I think indicates the market might really enjoy something like this. Similar space, similar objectives, achieved differently.

On 10/15/2021 at 11:45 AM, Janne Sirén said:

Perhaps, but then again SiDi and MiSTer and related products already serve the Commodore market as well. And there is the C-One, Minimig, Turbo Chameleon legacy alive still as well, and the Vampire direction. Both communities have been into FPGAs since the early naughts and there are great cores for running most Commodores. And the Ultimate-64 is selling by the thousands (I believe soon 4000 units solds), an FPGA C64 motherboard not too far above the intial X16 price projections. And of course there is the MEGA65 now taking preorders as you of course know.



I get what you are pointing at, though, if the Commander X16 is packaged well (with software, licenses, peripherals, the lot), it can certainly be one way to carve out a niche for it.

On 10/15/2021 at 9:09 PM, Scott Robison said:

The primary downside to those other products is that in order to use them, you have to violate copyright law in most cases. They don't have to provide ROM images (maybe they do, but it's not a prerequisite) but someone has to acquire the ROM images. I think a good case can be made that the copyright system is broken and that it shouldn't be an issue, but it is.



Actually, I guess it is possible to license the ROM images as an individual by purchasing C64 Forever or whatever it is, but I suspect the number who actually do is infinitesimal.

On 10/15/2021 at 10:21 AM, Scott Robison said:

From a purely legal standpoint, in a pure FPGA solution, the ROM is what makes the X-whatever unique. It is based on intellectual property from Cloanto (the kernal, as the current successor to Commodore) and Microsoft (BASIC, though I don't know how the initial license fee Commodore paid transfers to Cloanto but it seems it does indeed transfer). As such, these are not free to copy to other platforms. So having a retro-inspired computer with legally licensed ROM that is derived from the Commodore heritage is one USP. While it would be possible to port the HDL that makes the hardware to other platforms, it would be "useless" to most people without the ROM, and that is encumbered in its current state.



Having a compact FPGA based design that is not subject to some of the downsides of software emulation is another USP. Software emulation is great, and I quite enjoy my The C64, but it isn't ideal. Especially if you think of a Raspberry Pi form factor, an FPGA solution that behaves as a real hardware solution is going to be superior to porting the emulator to an existing SBC platform.



While not directly related to the FPGA nature of the original question, a PETSCII inspired keyboard with symbols printed on the keys is a third USP for the project as we understand it at this time.



Given some time and less of a time crunch (I have to get ready to go teach some middle schoolers how to write Python) I may be able to come up with more, but I think those three are significant. Whether they are enough to entice people to buy into the platform is another question.

On 10/15/2021 at 1:56 PM, TomXP411 said:

We've already talked about the ROM in other threads. Short version, there's no need to license Commodore's ROM. There are several 6502 BASICs out there, and there's more than enough brains in this community to crowdsource a kernel - even without relying on something like the open KERNAL started by the MEGA 65 crowd. 

Answering what is the unique sale proposition (USP) of an FPGA only X16.

The others, good and bad points:

The C256 Foenix products, especially the A2560K, look and seem amazing on paper!

Downsides: Cost, user base and current available software.

Mega65. Stunning, if released early/mid 90’s.

Downsides: Cost. Tied to legacy hardware and backwards compatibility.

ZX Spectrum Next. If you are nostalgic for the Speccy, great! Possibly the best way of playing old Spectrum games, plus some new ones taking advantage of the new features.

Downsides: Cost OK, but a bit high. Graphics enhancements seem held back by backwards compatibility?

Colour Maximite 2. Very powerful. Cheap. Fast enough to run BASIC decently.

What about the user base, and software?

Main code and graphics are done in software on a CPU. There is a reason why graphics are done by separate chips/boards on most games consoles and PC’s.

Commander X16 FPGA USP’s:

Cost (potentially).

Not tied to backwards compatibility.

VERA – unique graphics chip.

Direct to the metal programming.

User base (hopefully!).

Already has some programs, games, software available, and its just an emulator at the moment!

Commander X16 FPGA could be an amazing product.

On 10/15/2021 at 3:17 PM, BruceMcF said:

The thing is, the "unique value proposition" of the two are different.



The "unique value proposition" of the X16e is that it is hardware that lets you run X16 software out of the box, if you like, with a complete system costing somewhere on the order of half as much as the X16c. SBCs that can run the X16 emulator are already available in the $50-$100 price range, but if people really press the limits of the hardware, there could well still be some cool demos or games that don't run correctly or at full 60fps frame rate on the emulator.



The "unique value proposition" of the X8 is a small, inexpensive board that a single person can understand down "to the hardware specification", a la the C64 or Atari 800, of particular interest to those who already understand 6502 Assembly Language (and optionally also Forth) programming.



Relative to the FPGA Speccy+, the X8 is substantially cheaper, the X16e is a 6502 core while the Speccy is a Z80 core. So the X16e vs the Speccy+ (watchamacallit) is more like horizontal product differentiation, the X8 vs the Speccy+ is more like vertical differentiation.



As far as what you can DO with the X8 ... well, I spilled likely over 1,000 words on the simple proposition that if it had a spare select line for using the existing SPI interface to access a "hat", and brought select, SCLK, MOSI and MISO out to the existing debug interface pinout, to my mind it would be able to do a lot more interesting things.



Also, the value proposition of the X16e depends much more directly on following up the X16p and X16c, which are the anchors for the development of the "interesting X16 software" that drives the X16e value proposition.